Total trade from a region to the rest of the world

Total trade from Africa to the rest of the world averaged US$760 billion

Total trade from Oceania to the rest of the world averaged $481 billion

Total trade from Europe to the rest of the world averaged $4,109 billion  

Total trade from America to the rest of the world averaged $5,140 billion

Total trade from Asia to the rest of the world averaged $6,801 billion.

First Experience to the Atlantic

 

 LEVINE SAYS THIS!

I wonder if we see ourselves from this angle. Page 37 pleeeeese read it.

I also ask to what extent did we try to figure ourselves at least not to repeat the same mistake again being surrogate of Political Entrepreneurs pushing away intellectual integrity, if there is any I mean!!

 Nations characterized by

1. Traditional Monarchy

2. Rich culture

3. Long History

4. Indigenous leadership

5. Non dissolved by outside forces

Afghanistan

Thailand

Iran

Ethiopia

What do you think makes them share common Now?

 

Grievance and Discipline in HRM

 Lesson 28 on HRD

Addressing Grievance addresses HRD issues as well
Torrington & Hall (1991) provide useful explanations of important key concepts
· Discipline is a regulation of human activity to produce a controlled performance.
· Grievance is a complaint that has been formally presented to the management representative or union official. It arises from dissatisfaction and complaint. The grievance may be reported in writing or verbally. What is important is the complainant’s intention to pursue the matter officially.
· Complaint is a spoken or written dissatisfaction that is brought to the attention of the supervisor or a team leader.
· Dissatisfaction in anything that disturbs an employee causes dissatisfaction and will affect working morale, teamwork, commitment, and job performance.

Lesson 25 on HRD

 While may consider the issues of Employee relations what comes to their mind is the Industry Relation of the early 20th century. Professionals of HRD and HRD are required now to see the perspective of HRD in the 21st century.

1. Employee Relations

• Employer has the right to control work performance, integrate employees in the organisation’s structure and management system, and create an environment of mutual trust, confidence and supply of enough and reasonable work.
• Employees have their own needs and expectations from the employer and colleagues in the workplace.
• The laws of the land usually govern these relationships

Strategic Planning Training Staff of Ethio-Chicken Company, Ethiopia